Vágánytávú

Vágánytávú is a Hungarian term that translates to "track gauge" in English. It refers to the distance between the inner edges of the two rails in a railway track. This measurement is a fundamental characteristic of any railway system and dictates the compatibility of rolling stock, such as trains and trams, with the track infrastructure.

Different track gauges exist worldwide, and they are often categorized into broad gauge, standard gauge, and narrow gauge. Standard gauge, measuring 1,435 millimeters (4 feet 8.5 inches), is the most common gauge globally, used in much of Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Broad gauge, with a wider separation between rails, is found in countries like Russia and Spain. Narrow gauge, with a smaller separation, is typically used for lighter traffic, industrial railways, or in mountainous terrain where tighter curves are advantageous.

The choice of vágánytávú has significant implications for railway construction, operation, and interoperability. Different gauges can create barriers to international rail traffic, requiring either transshipment of goods and passengers or the use of specialized rolling stock that can adapt to multiple gauges. The historical development of railways led to the adoption of various gauges, and changing them is a complex and costly undertaking. Therefore, understanding the vágánytávú of a particular railway line is crucial for anyone involved in railway planning, engineering, or operation.