Virtsaraktona

Virtsaraktona is not a standard term in Finnish medical literature and may be a misspelling or misinterpretation of virtsarakko, the Finnish word for the urinary bladder. The following overview describes the urinary bladder and the functions that such a term would typically refer to.

The urinary bladder is a hollow, expandable organ located in the pelvis, behind the pubic bone. In adults, it typically stores urine produced by the kidneys until a voluntary decision is made to void. The bladder wall consists of an outer serosa or adventitia, a thick muscular layer called the detrusor, a submucosal layer, and an inner mucosal lining made of transitional epithelium. The detrusor muscle relaxes to store urine and contracts to expel it during micturition.

Micturition is coordinated by both automatic and voluntary processes. Urine storage is promoted by sympathetic activity and the tonic relaxation of the detrusor, while voiding involves parasympathetic activation causing detrusor contraction and relaxation of the internal sphincter. Voluntary control over the external urethral sphincter is mediated by the pudendal nerve, allowing conscious initiation of urination.

Common clinical issues affecting the bladder include cystitis (bladder inflammation), urinary incontinence, urinary retention, and bladder cancer. Diagnosis may involve imaging (such as ultrasound or CT), urine tests, and cystoscopy. Treatments range from behavioral therapies and pelvic floor exercises to medications that affect bladder muscle activity or nerve signaling, and, in some cases, surgical interventions.

If the term virtsaraktona appears in a source, it is advisable to verify whether the reference intends virtsarakko (urinary bladder).