Vesilukot

Vesilukot, also known as water locks or locks, are structures built in canals and rivers to raise or lower boats and other vessels between stretches of water of different levels. They are a crucial component of inland waterway transportation systems. The basic principle of operation involves a chamber with gates at both ends. A vessel enters the chamber, and the gates are closed. Water is then pumped into or drained from the chamber to match the water level of the adjacent section of the waterway. Once the levels are equalized, the gate at the destination side is opened, allowing the vessel to proceed.

The invention of the mitre lock, which uses two wedge-shaped gates that meet at the center, is generally attributed to Leonardo da Vinci in the 15th century, though earlier forms existed. These structures allow for navigation over difficult terrain and have been instrumental in the development of trade and commerce by connecting previously inaccessible areas. Modern locks are often automated and can handle large vessels. They are found worldwide in major shipping canals and river systems. The construction and maintenance of vesilukot require significant engineering expertise and resources.