Vesicovaginális

Vesicovaginal refers to a condition involving an abnormal connection between the bladder and the vagina. This connection, known as a vesicovaginal fistula, allows urine to leak from the bladder into the vaginal canal. The causes of vesicovaginal fistulas are varied, but commonly include prolonged or obstructed labor, surgical complications, radiation therapy to the pelvic region, or inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease.

The primary symptom is continuous or intermittent leakage of urine from the vagina, which can lead to significant discomfort, social embarrassment, and an increased risk of urinary tract infections. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, urine tests, and imaging studies like a cystogram or MRI to visualize the fistula.

Treatment options depend on the size and cause of the fistula. Small fistulas may sometimes resolve on their own, but surgical repair is usually required for most cases. Surgical approaches can involve direct closure of the fistula, interposition of tissue, or more complex reconstructive techniques. The success rate of surgical repair is generally high, though recurrence can occur. Prevention strategies focus on improving obstetric care, particularly in regions where obstructed labor is more common, and careful surgical planning to minimize the risk of injury during pelvic procedures.