Veroin

Veroin is a rare and highly toxic alkaloid found in the seeds of the Vero wood tree (Diospyros verrucosa), which is native to Southeast Asia. The seeds of this tree have been used in traditional medicine for their potential medicinal properties, but they are also highly toxic due to the presence of veroin. Ingestion of Vero wood seeds can lead to severe symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, it can cause liver failure and even death.

Veroin is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which is involved in the metabolism of many drugs. This inhibition can lead to increased levels of other drugs in the body, potentially causing toxic effects. Due to its toxicity and potential for drug interactions, the use of Vero wood seeds in traditional medicine is generally discouraged.

Research on veroin is limited, and more studies are needed to fully understand its toxicological profile and potential therapeutic uses. However, the current evidence suggests that Vero wood seeds should be used with extreme caution, if at all, and only under the supervision of a healthcare professional.