Veenikanüülid

Veenikanüülid, also known as venous cannulas or intravenous cannulas, are medical devices inserted into a vein to allow for the administration of fluids, medications, blood transfusions, or for the withdrawal of blood. They are a fundamental tool in modern healthcare, used across a wide range of medical settings from emergency rooms to intensive care units and during surgical procedures.

The basic structure of a Veenikanüül consists of a needle, a plastic catheter (the cannula itself), a flashback chamber, and a port or connector. The needle, typically made of stainless steel, is used to penetrate the skin and the vein wall. Once the vein is accessed, the needle is withdrawn, leaving the flexible plastic catheter in place within the vein. The flashback chamber allows the healthcare professional to visually confirm that the vein has been entered by observing a small amount of blood backing up into it. The port is where the intravenous line or syringe is attached to administer or withdraw substances.

Veenikanüülid come in various sizes, indicated by their gauge number. A smaller gauge number signifies a larger diameter, which is suitable for rapid fluid infusion or blood transfusions. Conversely, a larger gauge number indicates a smaller diameter, appropriate for administering medications or for patients with smaller veins. Proper insertion technique and maintenance are crucial to prevent complications such as phlebitis (inflammation of the vein), infiltration (fluid leaking out of the vein), or infection.