Vatikánváros

Vatikánváros, officially the Vatican City State, is the smallest independent state in the world by both area and population. It is an enclave within Rome, Italy, and serves as the ecclesiastical and administrative headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church. Its territory comprises St. Peter's Basilica, St. Peter's Square, the Vatican Museums, the Apostolic Palace, and extensive gardens.

The Vatican City State was established in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty, which resolved the "Roman Question" that had existed since the unification of Italy in 1870. The head of state is the Pope, who holds supreme legislative, executive, and judicial power. The Vatican's economy is primarily supported by contributions from Catholics worldwide, tourism, and the sale of stamps and souvenirs.

Key landmarks include St. Peter's Basilica, a Renaissance church considered one of the holiest Catholic shrines, and the Vatican Museums, which house an immense collection of art and artifacts, including the Sistine Chapel with Michelangelo's famous ceiling frescoes. The Vatican's diplomatic relations are extensive, and it holds observer status at the United Nations. Despite its small size, Vatikánváros plays a significant role in global religious and diplomatic affairs.