Vaporised

Vaporised, the British spelling vaporised, is the past participle of vaporise and denotes the conversion of a substance into a vapor or gas. In general usage, something that has been vaporised has been turned from a liquid or solid into a gaseous state.

Vaporisation is the phase transition from liquid to gas. For liquids, it can occur by heating the substance to its boiling point, causing boiling, or by evaporation at temperatures below the boiling point, especially from exposed surfaces. Solids can bypass the liquid phase and sublimate directly to gas; such a process is also described as vaporisation of the solid. The energy required is the latent heat of vaporization, and the rate depends on factors such as temperature, surface area, pressure, and impurities.

In practice, vaporisation is central to many processes. It is used in distillation and drying, where components are separated or dried by removing the solvent as vapor. It also underpins aerosol generation, fragrance release, and various manufacturing and laboratory techniques. Differences among related terms include evaporation (surface phenomenon at temperatures below the boiling point), boiling (bulk liquid vaporisation at a specific temperature), and sublimation (solid to gas without becoming liquid).

Common examples include water turning into steam at elevated temperatures and ethanol gradually evaporating at room temperature. Vapourised substances may pose safety concerns: vapours can be flammable, toxic, or irritating, and handling typically requires adequate ventilation and containment.