Vakvizsgálat

Vakvizsgálat, also known as blindness examination or visual acuity testing, is a medical procedure used to assess the sharpness of a person's vision. It is a fundamental part of a comprehensive eye examination and plays a crucial role in diagnosing various vision problems and eye diseases. The most common method for vakvizsgálat is the use of a Snellen chart, which consists of lines of letters or symbols of decreasing size. Patients are asked to read these letters from a specified distance, typically 20 feet (6 meters). The results are recorded as a fraction, with the numerator representing the distance at which the patient can read a particular line and the denominator representing the distance at which a person with normal vision can read the same line. For example, 20/20 vision indicates that the patient can see at 20 feet what a person with normal vision can see at 20 feet. Lower denominators, such as 20/40, indicate poorer vision, while higher denominators, like 20/15, suggest better than average vision.

Beyond the Snellen chart, vakvizsgálat can involve other tests. These may include assessing peripheral vision, color vision, and the ability to perceive contrast. Specialized equipment like the ophthalmoscope allows the examiner to view the internal structures of the eye, such as the retina and optic nerve, which are essential for vision. The purpose of vakvizsgálat is not only to determine the degree of visual acuity but also to identify potential underlying causes of vision impairment. Early detection through regular vakvizsgálat is vital for managing conditions like myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration, thereby preserving or improving a patient's sight.