Vakuumläckage

Vakuumläckage refers to the unintended ingress of air or other gases into a vacuum system. This ingress disrupts the vacuum level, leading to reduced performance or complete failure of the vacuum-dependent process. Causes can range from faulty seals and gaskets to cracks in the vacuum chamber or connecting pipework. Even microscopic imperfections can allow sufficient gas to enter and compromise the vacuum.

The consequences of vakuumläckage are diverse and depend on the specific application. In scientific instruments like mass spectrometers or electron microscopes, leaks can degrade the vacuum quality, leading to inaccurate measurements or a complete inability to operate. In industrial processes such as vacuum drying or vacuum coating, leaks can slow down the process, increase energy consumption, or result in a suboptimal product. Manufacturing processes that rely on vacuum packaging can also suffer from leaks, leading to spoilage of the packaged goods.

Detecting vakuumläckage is crucial for maintaining system integrity. Common detection methods include using a helium leak detector, which sprays helium gas onto suspected leak sites and detects its presence inside the vacuum system with a mass spectrometer. Alternatively, observing pressure rise over time when the vacuum pump is shut off can indicate a leak. Visual inspection for obvious damage or use of soapy water on external connections can sometimes reveal larger leaks. Repair typically involves replacing or repairing the compromised component, such as O-rings, seals, or welded joints.