Vaihtovälihähäviöt

Vaihtovälihähäviöt, often translated as switching interval losses or dead time losses, refer to energy dissipated within a switching circuit due to the finite time it takes for semiconductor switches to turn on and off. These losses occur in power electronic converters that utilize switching elements like transistors or thyristors to control electrical power. When a switch transitions from a conducting state to a non-conducting state, or vice versa, there is a brief period where both voltage and current are present across the switch. This overlap leads to power dissipation in the form of heat. Similarly, when a switch turns on, there is a brief moment where it has not yet fully turned on, leading to a voltage drop and current flow, again resulting in power loss. These losses are proportional to the switching frequency, the voltage across the switch, and the current through it during the transition. Minimizing vaihtovälihähäviöt is crucial for improving the efficiency of power converters, especially at higher switching frequencies where these losses become more significant. Techniques to reduce these losses include using faster switching devices, optimizing gate drive circuits, and employing soft-switching techniques where the voltage and current overlap is minimized or eliminated.