Vaidya

Vaidya is a term from Sanskrit meaning “one who knows” or “physician.” In Indian tradition, a vaidya is a practitioner of Ayurveda, the ancient system of medicine that emphasizes the balance of life forces, or doshas, and the use of herbs, diet, and lifestyle therapies. Historically, vaidyas were teachers and healers who learned through lineage and apprenticeship, passing down knowledge within families and guilds of practitioners.

In modern India, many vaidyas hold the Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery (BAMS) or equivalent qualifications and may be registered with state Ayurvedic councils. Diagnosis combines patient history, physical examination, and Ayurvedic assessment of doshas, tissues, and channels. Treatments may include herbal formulations, detoxification procedures (panchakarma), dietary plans, lifestyle recommendations, and targeted therapies. While rooted in classical texts such as the Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita, contemporary practice often integrates with mainstream healthcare and public health initiatives.

Regulation and recognition of Ayurveda and vaidyas vary by country and state. In India, Ayurveda is supported by the Ministry of AYUSH, and vaidyas may practice in clinics, hospitals, or private settings, subject to local licensing and qualifications. The term can also function as a professional title within the community of Ayurveda practitioners.

Vaidya is also a surname or title in India and among the diaspora, historically associated with families of Ayurvedic practitioners. It is found in regions including Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Gujarat, and parts of Sindh and Nepal. The name reflects a historical lineage in traditional medicine.