VVER1000

The VVER-1000 is a third-generation pressurized water reactor (PWR) designed by OKBM Afrikantov in Russia. It is a further development of the VVER-440 and VVER-1200 reactors, featuring enhanced safety and efficiency. The VVER-1000 has a thermal power output of 3,200 MW and an electrical power output of 1,000 MW, making it one of the most powerful nuclear reactors in operation. The reactor core is cooled by water under high pressure, which is then used to generate steam in a separate circuit to drive a turbine and produce electricity. The VVER-1000 is known for its advanced safety features, including a robust containment structure, passive safety systems, and a high level of redundancy. It also incorporates modern digital control systems and advanced instrumentation. The VVER-1000 has been deployed in several countries, including Russia, China, and India, with the first commercial unit coming online in Russia in 2016. The design aims to provide a reliable and efficient source of nuclear power with a focus on safety and operational flexibility.