Võrdluskõrvalekalded

Võrdluskõrvalekalded, known in English as comparative distortions, refers to biases or inaccuracies that can arise when comparing different entities, whether they be individuals, groups, objects, or concepts. These distortions can occur in various fields, including psychology, sociology, economics, and even in everyday decision-making. They often stem from how information is presented, perceived, or processed.

One common type of võrdluskõrvalekalded is the framing effect, where the way information is presented influences the choice made. For instance, a product advertised as "90% fat-free" might seem more appealing than one described as "10% fat," even though they convey the same information. Another related concept is the anchoring bias, where an initial piece of information, the anchor, disproportionately influences subsequent judgments. This can be seen in price negotiations, where the first offered price often sets the tone for the rest of the discussion.

Social comparisons also often involve võrdluskõrvalekalded. People tend to compare themselves to others, and these comparisons can be distorted by selective perception, focusing on positive aspects of others while highlighting negative aspects of oneself, or vice versa. This can lead to feelings of inadequacy or inflated self-esteem, depending on the direction of the comparison. Understanding võrdluskõrvalekalded is crucial for making more objective assessments and avoiding flawed judgments in both personal and professional contexts.