Uropodidae

Uropodidae is a family of small to medium-sized, nocturnal mammals native to the Americas. They are known for their distinctive, elongated hind limbs, which are adapted for digging and burrowing. Uropodidae includes two genera: Uropsilus, which comprises the pocket gophers, and Thomomys, which includes the ground squirrels. These animals are herbivorous, feeding primarily on grasses, roots, and other plant materials.

Uropodidae are characterized by their large, rounded ears, which help them detect vibrations in the ground, aiding in their burrowing activities. They have a robust body structure, with strong forelimbs adapted for digging and a long, flexible tail that aids in balance and stability during burrowing. Their teeth are adapted for grinding and chewing plant material.

These mammals are primarily solitary, except during the breeding season. They are known for their complex burrow systems, which can extend for several meters and include multiple chambers for nesting, food storage, and escape routes. Uropodidae are an important part of their ecosystems, contributing to soil aeration and nutrient cycling through their burrowing activities.

Uropodidae face several threats, including habitat loss due to urbanization and agriculture, as well as predation by introduced species. Conservation efforts are in place to protect these species and their habitats.