Urbanização

Urbanização refers to the process by which populations shift from rural to urban areas, leading to the growth of cities and a decline in rural populations. This demographic transition is often driven by economic opportunities, access to services, and social factors that draw people to urban centers. As urbanization progresses, cities expand in size and density, transforming the landscape and way of life.

This phenomenon is a global trend, particularly prominent in developing countries where rapid economic growth fuels migration to cities. The concentration of people and economic activity in urban areas can lead to increased productivity and innovation. However, it also presents challenges such as strain on infrastructure, housing shortages, increased pollution, and potential for social inequality if not managed effectively. Planning and sustainable development are crucial to mitigate these negative impacts and ensure that urbanization benefits both urban and rural populations. The study of urbanization involves examining its causes, consequences, and policy implications for both physical and social environments.