UPOVkonventionen

UPOVkonventionen, also known as the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, is an international treaty established by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). Adopted in 1961 and subsequently revised in 1972, 1978, and 1991, the convention aims to provide intellectual property rights to breeders of new plant varieties, encouraging innovation and the development of improved plant cultivars.

The primary objective of UPOV is to ensure breeders' rights by granting exclusive control over the propagating and Harvesting of protected plant varieties. This protection facilitates breeders' ability to commercialize their innovations without the fear of unauthorized reproduction or sale. The convention outlines criteria for the protection of new plant varieties, including novelty, distinctness, uniformity, and stability.

UPOV member states commit to national legislation aligning with the convention's standards, fostering international cooperation and a uniform approach to plant breeders' rights. The treaty also establishes procedures for the application, examination, and registration of plant varieties, as well as the enforcement of breeders' rights.

The convention has evolved over time, with the 1991 Act introducing stronger protections and more harmonized regulations. Despite its benefits, UPOV has faced criticism from some agricultural and environmental groups who argue that it may restrict farmers' traditional practices or limit access to genetic resources.

As of the early 2020s, UPOV comprises over 70 member countries, covering a significant portion of the world's agricultural and horticultural production. The convention plays a pivotal role in incentivizing innovation in plant breeding while balancing concerns related to biodiversity and farmers' rights.