UARTserial

UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. It is a hardware component that controls the physical interface between two devices, typically for serial communication. UART is asynchronous, meaning it does not rely on a shared clock signal between the sender and receiver. Instead, it uses a predefined data rate, or baud rate, to synchronize the data transmission.

Each UART typically has two main pins for data communication: transmit (TX) and receive (RX). The TX pin of one device is connected to the RX pin of the other, and vice versa. Data is sent one bit at a time, starting with a start bit, followed by data bits, an optional parity bit for error checking, and finally one or more stop bits to signal the end of the transmission.

UART is widely used in embedded systems, microcontrollers, and for connecting peripherals like GPS modules, Bluetooth modules, and serial consoles. Its simplicity and low cost make it a popular choice for many applications. Common baud rates include 9600, 19200, 57600, and 115200 bits per second. The configuration of start bits, data bits, parity, and stop bits must be identical on both the transmitting and receiving UARTs for successful communication.