Tömegátvitel

Tömegátvitel refers to the transport of chemical species from one location to another within a system. This process is fundamental in many natural and engineered phenomena. It can occur through molecular diffusion, where particles move from regions of high concentration to low concentration due to random molecular motion, or through convection, where bulk movement of a fluid carries the species along. In chemical engineering, tömegátvitel is a crucial concept for designing separation processes such as distillation, absorption, and extraction, where the goal is to move a component from one phase to another. Understanding the driving forces, such as concentration gradients or pressure differences, and the resistance to mass transfer, which can be influenced by phase properties and surface area, is key to analyzing and optimizing these processes. The rate of tömegátvitel is often described by mass transfer coefficients and flux equations. It plays a vital role in biological systems as well, for example, in nutrient transport across cell membranes or oxygen transfer in the lungs.