Tõusetransformaatorid

Tõusetransformaatorid, also known as step-up transformers, are a type of electrical transformer designed to increase the voltage of an alternating current (AC). They achieve this voltage increase through the principle of electromagnetic induction. A step-up transformer consists of two coils of wire, the primary coil and the secondary coil, wound around a common iron core. The primary coil is connected to the input voltage source, while the secondary coil is connected to the load. The key characteristic of a step-up transformer is that the number of turns in the secondary coil is greater than the number of turns in the primary coil.

When an alternating current flows through the primary coil, it creates a changing magnetic field in the iron core. This changing magnetic field then induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The magnitude of the induced voltage in the secondary coil is directly proportional to the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary coil to the number of turns in the primary coil. Therefore, by having more turns in the secondary coil, the output voltage is stepped up, or increased, relative to the input voltage. The power, neglecting losses, remains approximately constant, meaning that as the voltage increases, the current decreases proportionally. Tõusetransformaatorid are crucial in power transmission systems, where electricity is generated at a lower voltage and then stepped up to very high voltages for efficient long-distance transmission, minimizing energy loss. They are also found in various electronic devices to provide higher operating voltages.