Tyhjiösuodatuksessa

Tyhjiösuodatus, also known as vacuum filtration, is a laboratory technique used to separate a solid from a liquid using a vacuum. This method is commonly employed when the solid particles are too fine to be effectively separated by simple decantation or gravity filtration, or when a faster separation is desired. The process typically involves a Buchner funnel, a filter flask, and a vacuum source such as a vacuum pump or aspirator.

The solid-liquid mixture is poured into the Buchner funnel, which is fitted with a filter paper. The filter paper retains the solid particles while the liquid, known as the filtrate, passes through. A tight seal is created between the funnel and the flask, and the vacuum is applied. This pressure difference draws the liquid through the filter paper and into the filter flask, leaving the solid residue on the filter paper.

Tyhjiösuodatus is particularly useful for isolating precipitates from reaction mixtures, collecting crystalline solids, or drying solids more rapidly. It is a more efficient method than gravity filtration because the vacuum actively pulls the liquid through the filter, rather than relying solely on gravity. The effectiveness of the filtration depends on the porosity of the filter paper and the strength of the vacuum applied.