Turvapaikkamenettely

Turvapaikkamenettely, also known as the asylum procedure, is the legal process by which a person who has fled their country of origin can seek protection in another country. This procedure is governed by international and national laws, primarily the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol, as well as the national legislation of the host country.

The process typically begins with an application for asylum made by the individual upon arrival in the host country or shortly thereafter. This application is then reviewed by the relevant immigration or asylum authorities. The applicant is usually interviewed to gather information about their reasons for fleeing, their country of origin, and their fear of persecution. This fear must be based on specific grounds, such as race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.

Following the interview and review of evidence, a decision is made on whether the applicant meets the criteria for refugee status or for subsidiary protection, which is granted to those who do not qualify as refugees but would face serious harm if returned to their home country. If the application is successful, the individual is granted protection and often a residence permit. If the application is rejected, the applicant usually has the right to appeal the decision. The entire procedure can vary in length and complexity depending on the country and the individual case.