Turunõudlust

Turunõudlust, often translated as market demand, refers to the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices during a specific period. It is a fundamental concept in economics that helps explain how prices are determined in a market economy.

Several factors influence turunõudlust. The most significant is price. Generally, as the price of a good or service decreases, the quantity demanded increases, and vice versa. This inverse relationship is known as the law of demand. Other factors include consumer income, the prices of related goods (substitutes and complements), consumer tastes and preferences, consumer expectations about future prices or income, and the number of buyers in the market.

A demand schedule is a table that lists the quantity demanded at different prices, while a demand curve graphically represents this relationship, typically showing quantity demanded on the horizontal axis and price on the vertical axis. A shift in the demand curve occurs when factors other than price change, leading to an increase or decrease in demand at every price level. For instance, an increase in consumer income might shift the demand curve to the right, indicating higher demand. Conversely, a decrease in income would shift it to the left. Understanding turunõudlust is crucial for businesses in making pricing decisions, forecasting sales, and developing marketing strategies. It also informs policymakers regarding taxation, subsidies, and market regulation.