Turbinenkanäle

Turbinenkanäle, also known as turbine ducts or casings, are essential components in many types of turbomachinery, including gas turbines, steam turbines, and turbochargers. They serve the primary function of guiding the working fluid, such as air, steam, or combustion gases, through the turbine stages. The design of the turbinenkanal is critical for efficient energy transfer and overall performance.

These channels are typically manufactured from robust materials capable of withstanding high temperatures, pressures, and erosive forces. Common materials include various alloys of steel, nickel, and sometimes ceramics for extreme applications. The internal surfaces of turbinenkanäle are carefully shaped to optimize flow characteristics. This often involves complex aerodynamic contours to minimize turbulence, reduce pressure losses, and ensure the fluid strikes the turbine blades at the optimal angle.

In gas turbines, the turbinenkanal encases the rotor and stator blades. The stator vanes, often integrated into the casing or shroud, direct the high-velocity gas onto the rotating blades, initiating the power generation process. Similarly, in steam turbines, the casing guides steam from the inlet to the stages and from one stage to the next. Turbocharger turbine housings perform a comparable function, directing exhaust gases from the engine to spin the turbine wheel. The precise geometry of the turbinenkanal directly impacts the efficiency of the turbine by controlling the flow rate, velocity, and pressure of the working fluid.