Tsüklodextriine

Tsüklodextriine are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides derived from starch. They are produced industrially through the enzymatic degradation of starch using cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases. The most common types are alpha- (α-), beta- (β-), and gamma- (γ-) tsüklodextriine, which differ in the number of glucose units in their ring structure (six, seven, and eight, respectively). These molecules possess a unique toroidal, cone-like shape with a hydrophilic exterior and a hydrophobic interior cavity. This structure allows them to encapsulate a wide variety of guest molecules within their cavity, forming inclusion complexes. The size of the cavity determines the size of the guest molecule that can be accommodated. This inclusion complex formation is the basis for many of their applications.

Tsüklodextriine are widely used in various industries due to their ability to enhance the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of otherwise poorly soluble compounds. In the pharmaceutical industry, they are employed to improve the delivery and efficacy of drugs. In the food industry, they can mask undesirable flavors or odors, stabilize aromas, and improve the texture of products. They also find applications in cosmetics for controlled release of fragrances and active ingredients, and in agriculture for protecting pesticides and herbicides. Their low toxicity and biodegradability make them environmentally friendly alternatives in many applications. Research continues to explore new derivatives and applications for these versatile molecules.