Trm6Trm61

Trm6Trm61 is a protein complex involved in gene expression regulation in yeast. It is part of the TRAMP (Trf4/Air2/Mtp1) complex, which plays a critical role in the transcription-coupled quality control pathway. Specifically, Trm6Trm61 is responsible for the 2'-O-methylation of the 5' cap of certain non-coding RNAs, including ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). This modification is important for RNA stability and proper function.

The Trm6Trm61 complex consists of two subunits: Trm6 and Trm61. Trm6 is the catalytic subunit that carries out the methylation reaction, while Trm61 is a regulatory subunit that is essential for the complex's activity. Together, they form a heterodimer that interacts with other components of the TRAMP complex to target specific RNA molecules for modification.

The TRAMP complex, including Trm6Trm61, is recruited to newly transcribed RNAs by the RNA polymerase. This recruitment ensures that RNA processing and quality control mechanisms are coordinated with transcription. Trm6Trm61's role in methylating the 5' cap of rRNAs is crucial for their proper processing and assembly into ribosomes. Aberrant rRNA modification can lead to ribosome dysfunction and cellular stress.

Research into Trm6Trm61 and the TRAMP complex has provided insights into the intricate mechanisms of gene expression regulation and RNA quality control in eukaryotic cells. Understanding these processes is important for comprehending fundamental cellular biology and may have implications for understanding diseases associated with RNA processing defects.