Tris2chloroethylamine

Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine, also known as HN3 or tris-chloroethylamine, is a chemical compound with the formula N(CH2CH2Cl)3. It is a nitrogen mustard, a class of chemical compounds that are alkylating agents. Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine is a highly toxic substance and is considered a chemical weapon. It was developed during World War I but never used in combat.

Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a faint, fishy odor. It is soluble in water and organic solvents. The compound is relatively stable but can decompose upon heating or in the presence of strong acids or bases, releasing toxic fumes.

The primary hazard associated with tris(2-chloroethyl)amine is its potent vesicant (blistering) and alkylating properties. Exposure can cause severe burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Inhalation can lead to pulmonary edema and death. Systemic absorption can cause damage to bone marrow, the immune system, and the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its genotoxic and carcinogenic potential, it is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine is synthesized through the reaction of ammonia with ethylene oxide followed by chlorination. Due to its severe toxicity and potential for misuse, its production, storage, and use are strictly regulated under international treaties, such as the Chemical Weapons Convention. It has limited legitimate uses, primarily in research settings for specific chemical synthesis or as a reference standard.

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