Trinukleotidijono

Trinukleotidijono, also known as a trinucleotide repeat, is a type of repetitive DNA sequence where a pattern of three nucleotides is repeated multiple times. These repeats can occur in both coding and non-coding regions of a gene. The specific sequence of the three nucleotides can vary, such as CAG, CTG, or CGG.

The number of repeats in a trinucleotide repeat region can differ significantly between individuals. In some cases, these repeats are normally occurring and do not cause any adverse effects. However, when the number of repeats exceeds a certain threshold, it can lead to a class of genetic disorders known as trinucleotide repeat disorders.

These disorders are characterized by instability in the repeat region, meaning that the number of repeats can expand or contract during DNA replication or transmission from parent to offspring. This expansion or contraction can alter gene function, leading to a variety of clinical manifestations.

Examples of trinucleotide repeat disorders include Huntington's disease, fragile X syndrome, and myotonic dystrophy. The specific symptoms and severity of these disorders are often correlated with the number of trinucleotide repeats. Genetic testing can be used to determine the number of repeats and assess the risk of developing or passing on these conditions. Research into the mechanisms underlying repeat instability and the development of therapeutic strategies is ongoing.