Transdukují

Transdukují is a Czech verb that translates to "transduce" in English. In a biological context, transduction refers to the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector. This is a common technique used in genetic engineering and molecular biology to transfer genetic material. Specifically, bacteriophages, which are viruses that infect bacteria, can be used to carry specific genes from one bacterium to another. The phage injects its DNA into the host bacterium, and in some cases, it can accidentally package a piece of the host's DNA along with its own. When this phage infects a new bacterium, it can deliver this foreign DNA, leading to a change in the recipient's genetic makeup. This natural process can be harnessed for laboratory purposes to introduce desired genes into cells for study or manipulation. The term "transdukují" thus describes the action of this genetic transfer occurring, often implying a plural subject, like viruses or genetic elements. It is a fundamental mechanism in the understanding of gene transfer and its applications.