Toimeentuloturva

Toimeentuloturva, commonly referred to as toimeentulotuki, is Finland’s last-resort social assistance designed to secure a minimum level of subsistence when other benefits do not suffice. It is part of the Finnish social security system and is means-tested and discretionary in nature. The system is primarily administered by municipalities under the Social Welfare Act, with decisions and payments handled by local social welfare offices.

The benefit comprises two main elements: basic subsistence (perustoimeentuki) and, when needed, special or extraordinary costs. Basic subsistence covers essential daily living costs, including housing, food, clothing, and basic personal care, to the extent that other income and benefits do not cover them. Special costs may be granted for expenses that are necessary but not covered by other social or health benefits, such as certain medical costs not reimbursed by Kela or unavoidable travel related to care.

Eligibility and application are means-based and situation-dependent. Applicants must reside in Finland and first use other available benefits where appropriate. Applications are submitted to the municipal social welfare office, and the applicant must provide information about income, assets, housing costs, family composition, and any urgent expenses. The decision may specify the amount and duration of support, and it is possible for support to be granted for a limited period or to be adjusted as circumstances change.

Decisions about toimeentulotuki can be appealed to the Administrative Court within a defined appeal period. The system is intended to function as a safety net, complementing other benefits from Kela and municipalities to ensure a basic standard of living.