Titrálási

Titrálási is a common laboratory method used to determine the concentration of an unknown substance, known as the analyte, by reacting it with a solution of known concentration, called the titrant. This process involves the gradual addition of the titrant to the analyte until the reaction between them is complete. The point at which the reaction is just complete is called the equivalence point.

To detect the equivalence point, an indicator is often used. An indicator is a substance that changes color at or very near the equivalence point. The volume of titrant added to reach the equivalence point is then carefully measured. Knowing the concentration and volume of the titrant, and the volume of the analyte, the concentration of the analyte can be calculated using stoichiometric principles. Titration is a versatile technique applicable to a wide range of chemical reactions, including acid-base titrations, redox titrations, precipitation titrations, and complexometric titrations. Each type of titration is suited for determining specific types of analytes. This analytical technique is fundamental in various fields, including chemistry, biology, environmental science, and pharmaceuticals, for quality control and research purposes.