Tionüülkloriid

Tionüülkloriid is a chemical compound with the formula SOCl2. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature and is known for its pungent odor. Tionüülkloriid is a reactive compound and is often used in organic synthesis as a chlorinating agent. It is particularly useful for converting carboxylic acids into acyl chlorides, a process that is important in the synthesis of many pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. It can also be used to convert alcohols into alkyl chlorides.

The reaction of tionüülkloriid with water is vigorous and produces sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride gases, both of which are corrosive. This reactivity necessitates careful handling and storage in dry conditions. Due to its corrosive nature and the toxic gases it produces upon reaction with moisture, tionüülkloriid is considered a hazardous substance. Appropriate safety precautions, including working in a well-ventilated area or fume hood and wearing protective gear, are essential when handling this chemical. Tionüülkloriid is typically synthesized by reacting sulfur dioxide with phosphorus pentachloride or sulfur dichloride. It is an important reagent in industrial chemical processes and laboratory research.