Tiiliviemärit

Tiiliviemärit, meaning brick sewers in Finnish, are a historical type of sewer construction using fired clay bricks. These systems were prevalent in urban areas during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in Finland and other parts of Northern Europe. The construction typically involved laying bricks in a specific pattern to form arched or circular channels. Mortar, often a lime-based mixture, was used to bind the bricks together.

The primary advantage of tiiliviemärit was their durability and resistance to corrosion compared to early iron or concrete pipes. Bricks are chemically inert and could withstand the acidic conditions often present in wastewater. The construction method also allowed for the creation of large-diameter tunnels capable of carrying significant volumes of sewage and stormwater. Many of these systems are still in existence, though often in need of repair or relining due to age and settlement.

However, tiiliviemärit also had drawbacks. Their porous nature could lead to leakage, allowing groundwater to enter and sewage to escape, potentially contaminating soil and groundwater. The joints between bricks could also be susceptible to infiltration and exfiltration. Furthermore, the construction process was labor-intensive and time-consuming. While many original tiiliviemärit have been replaced by modern materials like concrete or plastic pipes, some sections remain an integral part of existing urban infrastructure, requiring ongoing maintenance and assessment.