Termocupl

Termocupl is a temperature-sensing device that converts a temperature difference into an electrical voltage through the thermoelectric effect. It consists of two dissimilar conductors joined at a sensing junction. When the sensing junction is at a different temperature than a reference junction, a small voltage is produced on the conductors, which can be translated into a temperature reading using calibration for the chosen material pair.

Termocupls are produced in a variety of shapes and with different sheath materials to suit diverse environments. Common configurations include probes for immersion in liquids or gases and rugged, sheath-protected assemblies for industrial use. The material pair defines the type of termocupl (for example, chromel-alumel or copper-constantan), each with its own temperature range and sensitivity. In practice, a reference junction compensation or a known fixed reference is used to interpret the voltage as a specific temperature.

Termocupls are widely used in industrial process control, HVAC, and laboratory equipment because of their fast response, broad operating range, and relative simplicity and cost-effectiveness. They offer advantages in harsh or high-temperature environments where more delicate sensors may fail. However, accuracy depends on proper calibration, stable reference conditions, and correct installation. Non-linearity, drift over time, and electrical noise can affect measurements, necessitating regular maintenance and calibration. The termocupl designation is sometimes spelled as termocupl in some languages or contexts, but it generally refers to the same temperature-sensing device as the thermocouple.