Taugakerfisþátta

Taugakerfisþátta, also known as neural network components, refers to the fundamental building blocks that comprise artificial neural networks. These components are designed to mimic the structure and function of biological neurons in the brain, enabling machines to learn and process information.

The most basic unit is the artificial neuron, often referred to as a node or perceptron. This neuron receives input signals from other neurons, processes them through a weighted sum and an activation function, and then transmits an output signal. The weights associated with each input determine the strength of the connection between neurons, and these weights are adjusted during the learning process.

Neurons are organized into layers. The input layer receives the raw data, and the output layer produces the final result. Between these are one or more hidden layers, where complex computations and feature extraction take place. The number of layers and neurons within each layer are design choices that significantly impact the network's capabilities.

Connections between neurons are crucial. These connections, represented by weights, are what the neural network learns. Learning involves adjusting these weights to minimize errors in the network's predictions. Common learning algorithms include backpropagation, which uses the output error to update weights layer by layer.

Other important components include activation functions, which introduce non-linearity, allowing networks to learn complex patterns. Examples include sigmoid, ReLU, and tanh functions. Bias terms are also added to neurons to shift the activation function, providing further flexibility in learning. Understanding these fundamental taugakerfisþátta is essential for designing, training, and interpreting artificial neural networks.