TartarsäureDerivate

Tartaric acid derivatives are chemical compounds derived from tartaric acid, a naturally occurring organic acid found in grapes and other fruits. Tartaric acid itself has the chemical formula C4H6O6. Its derivatives are formed through various chemical reactions, most commonly esterification or salt formation.

One of the most well-known tartaric acid derivatives is potassium bitartrate, commonly known as cream of tartar. It is a byproduct of winemaking and is often used in baking as a leavening agent, particularly in combination with baking soda, to produce carbon dioxide. Cream of tartar can also be used for cleaning and in certain medicinal applications.

Another important derivative is Rochelle salt, also known as sodium potassium tartrate. It is a double salt of tartaric acid and is notable for its piezoelectric properties. Historically, it was used in early microphones and gramophone pickups. In its powdered form, it is also known as Seignette's salt and has some laxative properties.

Esters of tartaric acid, such as diethyl tartrate and diisopropyl tartrate, are also significant. These compounds are often used as chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric synthesis. Their ability to induce stereoselectivity makes them valuable tools in the production of enantiomerically pure pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. The specific properties and applications of tartaric acid derivatives depend heavily on the type of modification made to the parent tartaric acid molecule.