Tanasining

Tanasining anatomiyasi, or the anatomy of the body, is the branch of biology and medicine that studies the structure of the human body. It focuses on the organization of tissues and organs, their forms, locations, and relationships. The field is traditionally divided into gross (macroscopic) anatomy, which can be observed without magnification, and microscopic anatomy (histology), which examines tissues at the cellular level. Developmental anatomy (embryology) describes how structures form during growth.

The human body comprises major organ systems: skeletal, muscular, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, endocrine, lymphatic and immune, reproductive, integumentary (skin), and the specialized senses. Each system has primary components and functions, and they interact to sustain life. For example, the skeletal system provides support and protection, while the circulatory system distributes nutrients and oxygen.

Study methods include dissection, imaging techniques such as X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and endoscopy, as well as histological examination under microscopes. Anatomical terminology uses standardized planes (sagittal, coronal, transverse) and directional terms (anterior, posterior, superior, inferior, medial, lateral, proximal, distal) to describe locations.

Clinical relevance: knowledge of anatomy underpins medical diagnosis, surgery, and rehabilitation. Variation among individuals and educational resources such as atlases contribute to a practical understanding of form and function.