TOLLL2

TOLLL2, also known as Toll-like receptor 2 ligand 2, is a protein encoded by the TLR2 gene in humans. This gene is part of the Toll-like receptor family, which plays a critical role in the innate immune system. TLR2 is a transmembrane protein that recognizes a wide variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).

When TOLLL2 interacts with its ligands, it triggers intracellular signaling pathways, primarily the NF-κB pathway. This activation leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which are essential for initiating an immune response to infection or tissue injury. The specific ligands that bind to TLR2 are diverse and include bacterial lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides from certain bacteria, and fungal cell wall components.

Dysregulation of TLR2 signaling has been implicated in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Research into TOLLL2 and its interactions continues to shed light on its complex role in immunity and disease pathogenesis, making it a significant target for therapeutic interventions.