Töréselfordulás

Töréselfordulás is a Hungarian term that translates to "fracture reversal" or "reverse faulting" in English. It refers to a type of geological fault where the hanging wall has moved up relative to the footwall. This is in contrast to a normal fault, where the hanging wall moves down.

Reverse faults are typically associated with compressional tectonic forces, where the Earth's crust is being squeezed. The stress causes the rocks to shorten and thicken. When these compressional forces are strong enough, one block of rock can be pushed up and over another, creating a reverse fault.

The angle of a reverse fault can vary. If the dip angle is less than 45 degrees, it is often called a thrust fault. Thrust faults are particularly important in mountain building processes, as they can transport large blocks of rock significant distances.

Töréselfordulás can occur in various geological settings, including convergent plate boundaries where tectonic plates collide. Evidence of reverse faulting can be observed in rock outcrops, where layers of rock appear to be repeated or displaced. Understanding töréselfordulás is crucial for seismology, as these faults can be the source of earthquakes, and for the study of geological structures and the history of Earth's deformation.