Tömegdenzitás

Tömegdenzitás, often translated as mass density or volumetric mass density, is a fundamental physical property of a substance. It quantifies the amount of mass contained within a given unit of volume. The standard unit for mass density in the International System of Units (SI) is kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). However, other units such as grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or grams per milliliter (g/mL) are also commonly used, particularly in chemistry.

The formula for mass density is straightforward: density equals mass divided by volume (ρ = m/V), where ρ represents density, m is mass, and V is volume. This relationship highlights that for a fixed volume, a substance with higher mass will have a greater density. Conversely, for a fixed mass, a substance occupying a smaller volume will be denser.

Mass density is an intensive property, meaning it does not depend on the amount of substance. For example, a small drop of water and a large bucket of water have the same mass density. Temperature and pressure can influence mass density, especially for gases and liquids. Generally, increasing temperature leads to a decrease in density as the substance expands, while increasing pressure often leads to an increase in density due to compression. Understanding mass density is crucial in various scientific and engineering fields for material identification, fluid mechanics calculations, and buoyancy principles.