Tähtikolmiomuunnin

Tähtikolmiomuunnin, also known as a delta-wye converter or pi-delta converter, is an electrical circuit used in electronics to transform a three-phase power supply from a delta configuration to a wye (or star) configuration, or vice versa. This transformation is often necessary when connecting equipment designed for one configuration to a power source or load operating in another. The primary advantage of this conversion is the ability to achieve different voltage and current relationships between the source and the load.

In a delta configuration, the three phases are connected in a closed loop, resembling the Greek letter delta (Δ). In a wye configuration, one end of each phase winding is connected to a common neutral point, with the other ends forming the three lines, resembling the letter Y. A tähtikolmiomuunnin utilizes specific combinations of switches or electronic components to effectively reconfigure these connections.

The transformation allows for voltage scaling. For example, converting from delta to wye typically results in the line voltage being divided by the square root of three, while the phase current is multiplied by the square root of three. Conversely, converting from wye to delta increases the line voltage by the square root of three and decreases the phase current by the same factor. This capability is crucial for matching the voltage and current requirements of various electrical devices, such as motors and transformers, to the available power supply. The selection of a suitable converter depends on factors like the power rating, efficiency requirements, and the desired voltage and current characteristics of the application.