Sõidukiemissioon

Sõidukiemissioon is an Estonian term that translates to "vehicle emissions." It refers to the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere as a byproduct of the combustion process in internal combustion engines found in vehicles. These emissions are a significant source of air pollution in urban areas and contribute to various environmental and health problems.

The primary pollutants emitted by vehicles include carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas that can reduce the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Nitrogen oxides contribute to smog formation and acid rain and can irritate the respiratory system. Particulate matter, consisting of fine solid particles, can penetrate deep into the lungs and cause respiratory and cardiovascular issues. Unburned hydrocarbons are also precursors to smog and can be carcinogenic. Carbon dioxide, while not directly harmful to human health at typical ambient concentrations, is a major greenhouse gas contributing to climate change.

Regulations in Estonia, as in many other countries, aim to limit vehicle emissions through standards such as Euro classifications. These standards set maximum allowable levels for specific pollutants for different vehicle categories. Emission control technologies, including catalytic converters, diesel particulate filters, and improved engine designs, are employed to reduce the output of these harmful substances. Regular vehicle inspections also play a role in ensuring that vehicles comply with emission standards. Public awareness campaigns and incentives for using public transport, cycling, or electric vehicles are also part of broader strategies to mitigate the impact of vehicle emissions on air quality and public health.