Szívizomkárosodás

Szívizomkárosodás, or myocardial damage, refers to any injury or damage to the heart muscle. This can occur due to a variety of reasons, with the most common being insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle, known as ischemia. This lack of blood flow can lead to a heart attack, or myocardial infarction, where heart muscle cells begin to die due to lack of oxygen.

Other causes of szívizomkárosodás include infections that affect the heart muscle, such as myocarditis, and inflammation of the heart muscle due to autoimmune diseases. Certain toxins, including excessive alcohol consumption and some chemotherapy drugs, can also directly harm the heart muscle. Trauma to the chest can also cause physical damage to the myocardium.

The consequences of szívizomkárosodás depend on the extent and location of the damage. Mild damage might result in temporary symptoms or no noticeable effects. However, significant damage can lead to impaired pumping function of the heart, resulting in heart failure. This can manifest as shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and feet. Arrhythmias, or irregular heartbeats, are also a common complication. Diagnosis typically involves electrocardiograms (ECG), blood tests to detect cardiac enzymes released from damaged muscle, and imaging techniques like echocardiography. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and managing symptoms to improve heart function and prevent further damage.