Szájhártya

Szájhártya refers to the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth. This delicate tissue plays a crucial role in protecting the oral cavity, aiding in taste sensation, and facilitating speech. It is a moist, pinkish layer that covers the gums, cheeks, tongue, palate, and the floor of the mouth. The submucosa, a layer beneath the mucous membrane, contains blood vessels, nerves, and glands that contribute to the lubrication and health of the oral tissues.

The surface of the szájhártya is typically smooth, though it can have different textures in various areas. For instance, the lining of the cheeks and lips is generally more movable and smooth, while the covering of the gums and the roof of the mouth (palate) is often firmer and more tightly bound to the underlying bone. The tongue's surface is unique, featuring papillae that house taste buds, enabling the perception of flavors.

Various conditions can affect the szájhártya. Inflammation, known as stomatitis, can manifest as redness, swelling, and sores. Infections, such as those caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi, can also lead to lesions and discomfort. Trauma from biting, ill-fitting dentures, or sharp teeth can cause irritation or injury. Furthermore, certain systemic diseases can have oral manifestations affecting the mucous membrane. Maintaining good oral hygiene is essential for the health of the szájhártya.