Szívzörej

Szívzörej, often translated as heart murmur, refers to an extra sound heard during the heartbeat cycle. These sounds are produced by turbulent blood flow through the heart. They are typically detected by a doctor using a stethoscope during a physical examination. Heart murmurs can be entirely normal and harmless, or they can indicate an underlying heart condition.

Normal heart murmurs, also known as innocent or functional murmurs, are common, especially in children. They occur when blood flows more rapidly through the heart, such as during exercise, pregnancy, or fever. These murmurs usually disappear over time and do not require treatment.

Abnormal murmurs, on the other hand, are caused by problems with the heart valves or the heart walls. Valve problems can include stenosis (narrowing of a valve, restricting blood flow) or regurgitation (leakage of a valve, allowing blood to flow backward). Congenital heart defects, such as holes in the heart walls, can also create abnormal murmurs.

Symptoms associated with abnormal murmurs can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity. They may include shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, dizziness, or swelling in the legs and feet. Diagnosis of a heart murmur usually involves a physical exam, followed by further tests like an echocardiogram, which uses ultrasound to visualize the heart's structure and function. Treatment depends on the cause of the murmur and may range from watchful waiting to medication or surgery.