Synoviaalinen

Synoviaalinen refers to the synovial membrane, a thin, transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of joints and bursae. It plays a crucial role in the lubrication and protection of joints. The synovial membrane consists of two layers: the synovial intima, which is a single layer of flattened cells, and the synovial subintima, which is a layer of loose connective tissue containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels.

The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid, a clear, viscous liquid that lubricates the joint and reduces friction between the articulating surfaces. Synovial fluid also helps to nourish the cartilage and provides a cushioning effect. The production of synovial fluid is regulated by the synovial membrane, which responds to mechanical stress and inflammation by increasing or decreasing fluid production.

Inflammation of the synovial membrane, known as synovitis, can lead to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, where the immune system attacks the synovial membrane, causing joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. Synovitis can also occur as a result of infection, trauma, or other inflammatory conditions.

The synovial membrane is essential for the proper functioning of joints, and any damage or dysfunction of this membrane can lead to joint dysfunction and pain. Understanding the structure and function of the synovial membrane is important for the diagnosis and treatment of joint-related conditions.