Synkronimotoreet

Synkronimotoreet, often referred to as synchronous motors, are a type of AC electric motor where the rotor rotates at the same speed as the rotating magnetic field of the stator. This synchronized speed is determined by the frequency of the AC power supply and the number of poles in the motor. Unlike induction motors, where the rotor "lags" behind the stator field, a synchronous motor's rotor is directly driven by this field.

The primary components of a synchronous motor are the stator, which contains windings that create a rotating magnetic field when supplied with AC power, and the rotor. The rotor can be either a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, which is energized by a DC current. This energized rotor is then "locked" into the rotating magnetic field of the stator, causing it to rotate at precisely the synchronous speed.

Synchronous motors are known for their constant speed operation, regardless of load variations, as long as the load does not exceed the motor's pull-out torque. This characteristic makes them ideal for applications requiring precise speed control, such as in clocks, timers, and industrial machinery. They also have the ability to operate at a leading power factor, which can be beneficial for improving the overall power factor of an electrical system. Starting synchronous motors typically requires a special starting mechanism, such as damper windings or a variable frequency drive, as they do not self-start like induction motors.