Sydänkeskinuoteista

Sydänkeskinuoteista, known in English as mid-diastolic murmurs, are abnormal heart sounds heard during the period between the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves and the opening of the mitral and tricuspid valves. These murmurs are typically low-pitched and rumble-like, often best heard with the bell of the stethoscope. Their presence suggests a turbulent flow of blood through the heart during diastole, the relaxation phase.

Mid-diastolic murmurs can arise from several conditions. One common cause is mitral stenosis, a narrowing of the mitral valve, which impedes blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. Similarly, tricuspid stenosis, a narrowing of the tricuspid valve, can produce a similar murmur heard on the right side of the heart. Another significant cause is a ventricular septal defect (VSD) with significant left-to-right shunting. In this scenario, a large volume of blood flows from the left ventricle to the right ventricle during systole, and then, as the ventricles relax, this excess blood continues to flow across the VSD into the right ventricle during diastole, creating a murmur. Increased blood flow across a normal atrioventricular valve, such as in cases of severe anemia or pregnancy, can also lead to a relative diastolic murmur.

The interpretation of a mid-diastolic murmur requires careful clinical evaluation, including a thorough medical history, physical examination, and often further diagnostic tests such as an echocardiogram to assess valve function and chamber sizes. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and its severity.