Suurjänniteasemat

Suurjänniteasemat, also known as high-voltage substations, are integral parts of electrical power transmission and distribution networks. Their primary function is to change voltage levels of electricity. They are essential for efficiently transporting electricity from power generation plants over long distances and then reducing the voltage to levels suitable for industrial, commercial, and residential use.

The core components of a suurjänniteasema typically include transformers, which are crucial for stepping up or stepping down voltage. Circuit breakers are another vital element, used to interrupt electrical current in case of faults or for routine maintenance, thereby protecting the grid and equipment. Disconnect switches allow for the isolation of specific parts of the substation for safe work. Surge arresters are installed to protect equipment from voltage spikes, often caused by lightning strikes.

Suurjänniteasemat are categorized based on their voltage levels. Transmission substations operate at very high voltages (e.g., 110 kV and above) for long-distance power transfer. Distribution substations, on the other hand, operate at lower voltages and are closer to the end-users, further reducing the voltage to levels like 20 kV or 10 kV before it reaches local distribution networks. These facilities require robust safety measures and regular maintenance to ensure reliable and continuous power supply to consumers. The design and location of these substations are carefully planned to minimize energy loss and environmental impact.