Suolatasapainohäiriöt

Suolatasapainohäiriöt refer to disturbances in the body's electrolyte balance, which are crucial for normal cellular functions, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction. Common types include hyponatremia (low sodium), hypernatremia (high sodium), hypokalemia (low potassium), and hyperkalemia (high potassium). These imbalances can stem from dehydration, kidney disorders, hormonal issues, or certain medications.

Symptoms vary by the specific electrolyte affected: low sodium may cause confusion, fatigue, or seizures, while low potassium can lead to muscle weakness or irregular heartbeat. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure electrolyte levels, with additional urine or imaging studies if needed.

Treatment depends on the cause and severity, often including oral or intravenous electrolyte supplements, fluid replacement, or addressing the underlying condition (e.g., treating kidney disease). Preventive measures involve maintaining proper hydration, a balanced diet rich in electrolytes, and managing chronic health issues with medical guidance.